Some of the coldest weather on record hit travel in Britain, France and the Netherlands on Monday, with roads closed, flights grounded and trains canceled.
After heavy snowfall on Monday, rooftops in Paris were covered in snow as temperatures dropped below freezing.
The French capital was blanketed in white, providing a tranquil and romantic backdrop for tourists taking photos near landmarks such as the Arc de Triomphe, but creating dangerous conditions for motorists as snow piled up on already icy roads and sidewalks.
Temperatures are expected to drop further at night, reaching around -4°C (24°F).